You state that disc related back pain is only 2-5%.
Could you site a reference for this? How is it determined that a bulging or herniated disc IS the cause?
This is a difficult one to answer confidently. To quote from Hartvigsen et al:
Although some imaging and clinical findings increase the likelihood that pain is arising from the intervertebral disc (with the reference standard of discography), no investigation has accurately identified a disc problem as contributing to an individual’s pain; there is no widely accepted reference standard for discogenic pain
In practice, being able to more confidently state that symptoms are related to a disk herniation, for example, would involve an individual having symptom distribution or neurological deficits that specifically correlate to the anatomic level of the disk in question.
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